Originally commemorating the end of World War One, Armistice Day is now
marked around the world as a day of remembrance for those who lost
their lives in all wars. Here's how the day is marked in France.
1. It's a public holiday
Although a lot of countries mark November 11th in some way, not many
have declared it as a public holiday. But in France employees get the
day off work and public buildings, post offices, banks and a lot of
shops close. This year the 11th falls on a Monday, creating a long
weekend.
2. There are parades
Most town have their own parade and wreaths are laid at the war
memorials. If you live near a town centre there may well be road
closures for the parade. Virtually every commune in France has a war
memorial listing the men from the local area who died for their country (mort pour le patrie).
In Paris, the French president lays a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknown soldier at the Arc de Triomphe.
There is also a minute's silence at 11am.
3. People wear a bleuet
The red poppy synonymous with Remembrance Day in the UK is not used, instead the symbol of remembrance in France is the bleuet,
or cornflower. It was chosen because cornflowers have traditionally
symbolised "pure and delicate" sentiments, while blue is one of the
colours of the French flag, and was also the colour of many soldiers'
uniforms in the First World War.
Profits from bleuet sales go to veterans' charities but the flower is less ubiquitous in France than the poppy is in the UK.
4 Its full name is Armistice de la Première Guerre mondiale (Armistice of the First World War)
The day was originally adopted to mark the moment - 11am on November
11th, 1918 - when the armistice treaty came into effect and soldiers
fighting in World War I laid down their arms.
As time went on, the day came to mark the victims of all wars and
several countries changed the name - in the UK it is now Remembrance Day
and in the US it is Veterans Day - but France has stuck with Armistice
Day.
5. Some villages stand as permanent memorials
As well as millions of people losing their lives, France also suffered
major structural damage during World War I, as large parts of the north
of the country became battlefields.
Among the villages razed to the ground during the four years of
fighting were Beaumont-en-Verdunois, Bezonvaux, Cumières-le-Mort-Homme,
Fleury-devant-Douaumont; Haumont-près-Samogneux and
Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre, all of which are located in the départment of
Meuse.
In 1919, the land was bought by the government and it was decided that
the six villages would not be rebuilt or inhabited, but would remain as
memorials, each with a mayor and an annual budget to take care of the
land.
https://www.thelocal.fr/20191108/five-things-to-know-about-armistice-day-in-france